![]() | • レポートコード:MRC-IM30799 • 出版社/出版日:IMARC / 2023年2月 • レポート形態:英文、PDF、146ページ • 納品方法:Eメール • 産業分類:産業装置 |
Single User | ¥359,856 (USD2,499) | ▷ お問い合わせ |
Enterprisewide | ¥647,856 (USD4,499) | ▷ お問い合わせ |
• お支払方法:銀行振込(納品後、ご請求書送付)
レポート概要
IMARC社の本調査レポートでは、2022年に94億ドルであった世界の3D計測市場規模が、2028年までに157億ドルに拡大し、予測期間中にCAGR8.6%で成長すると予想しています。本書は、3D計測の世界市場を調査・分析し、序論、範囲・調査手法、エグゼクティブサマリー、イントロダクション、オファリング別(ハードウェア、ソフトウェア、サービス)分析、製品別(座標測定機(CMM)、光学デジタイザ&スキャナ(ODS)、ビデオ測定機(VMM)、3次元自動光学検査装置(AoI)、形状測定)分析、用途別(品質管理・検査、リバースエンジニアリング、仮想シミュレーション)分析、産業別(航空宇宙・防衛、自動車、建築・建設、医療、その他)分析、地域別(北米、アジア、欧州、中南米、中東・アフリカ)分析、SWOT分析(強み・弱み・機会・脅威)、バリューチェーン分析、ポーターズファイブフォース分析、価格分析、競争状況などの項目を整理しています。また、本書には、3D Digital Corporation、Automated Precision Inc.、Carl Zeiss AG、Creaform、Inc.、FARO Technologies、Inc.、GOM GmbH、Hexagon AB、Jenoptik AG、KLA Corporation、Mitutoyo Corporation、Nikon Metrology NV、Perceptron、Inc. and Renishaw PLC.などの企業情報が含まれています。 ・序論 ・範囲・調査手法 ・エグゼクティブサマリー ・イントロダクション ・世界の3D計測市場規模:オファリング別 - ハードウェアの市場規模 - ソフトウェアの市場規模 - サービスの市場規模 ・世界の3D計測市場規模:製品別 - 座標測定機(CMM)の市場規模 - 光学デジタイザ&スキャナ(ODS)の市場規模 - ビデオ測定機(VMM)の市場規模 - 3次元自動光学検査装置(AoI)の市場規模 - 形状測定の市場規模 ・世界の3D計測市場規模:用途別 - 品質管理・検査における市場規模 - リバースエンジニアリングにおける市場規模 - 仮想シミュレーションにおける市場規模 ・世界の3D計測市場規模:産業別 - 航空宇宙・防衛における市場規模 - 自動車における市場規模 - 建築・建設における市場規模 - 医療における市場規模 - その他における市場規模 ・世界の3D計測市場規模:地域別 - 北米の3D計測市場規模 - アジアの3D計測市場規模 - 欧州の3D計測市場規模 - 中南米の3D計測市場規模 - 中東・アフリカの3D計測市場規模 ・SWOT分析(強み・弱み・機会・脅威) ・バリューチェーン分析 ・ポーターズファイブフォース分析 ・価格分析 ・競争状況 |
The global 3D metrology market size reached US$ 9.4 Billion in 2022. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 15.7 Billion by 2028, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 8.6% during 2023-2028.
3D metrology refers to the technological system of measuring distance, length, height and point of a 3D object. It is primarily used to reverse engineer and analyze defects in different materials and objects. It includes various hardware and software tools, such as a coordinate measuring machine (CMM), optical digitizer and scanner (ODS), video measuring machine (VMM) and 3D automated optical inspection (AoI) system. These systems convert 2D architectural models into images and videos for improved design, manufacturing processes and production workflows. This aids in quality control, inspection, reverse engineering and virtual simulation of the products and finds extensive applications across several industries, including aerospace, defense, automotive, architecture, medical, energy and power.
3D Metrology Market Trends:
The growing automotive industry across the globe is one of the key factors driving the market. There is widespread adoption of optical 3D metrology and 3D testing for capturing detailed information and running full-field evaluations. It involves inspection, measurement and quality checks of various tools, castings, plastic and sheet metal parts in assemblies and vehicle bodies. Furthermore, significant growth in the aviation industry is also providing a boost to the market growth. 3D metrology is widely used for scanning and inspecting intricate components and recreating the scanned parts digitally. It is also utilized for various other applications, including corrosion inspection, hail damage depth, fixture measurement, part archival and tooling measurement. Other factors, including rapid urbanization, the growing need for industrial automation and extensive research and development (R&D) activities to develop 3D metrology technologies for modeling and analysis with enhanced precision and quality control, are projected to drive the market further.
Key Market Segmentation:
IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global 3D metrology market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country level from 2023-2028. Our report has categorized the market based on offering, product, application and end-use industry.
Breakup by Offering:
Hardware
Software
Services
Breakup by Product:
Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)
Optical Digitizer & Scanner (ODS)
Video Measuring Machine (VMM)
3D Automated Optical Inspection System (AoI)
Form Measurement
Breakup by Application:
Quality Control & Inspection
Reverse Engineering
Virtual Simulation
Others
Breakup by End-Use Industry:
Aerospace & Defense
Automotive
Architecture & Construction
Medical
Electronics
Energy & Power
Heavy Industry
Mining
Others
Breakup by Region:
North America
United States
Canada
Asia Pacific
China
Japan
India
South Korea
Australia
Indonesia
Others
Europe
Germany
France
United Kingdom
Italy
Spain
Russia
Others
Latin America
Brazil
Mexico
Others
Middle East and Africa
Competitive Landscape:
The competitive landscape of the industry has also been examined with some of the key players being 3D Digital Corporation, Automated Precision Inc., Carl Zeiss AG, Creaform, Inc., FARO Technologies, Inc., GOM GmbH, Hexagon AB, Jenoptik AG, KLA Corporation, Mitutoyo Corporation, Nikon Metrology NV, Perceptron, Inc. and Renishaw PLC.
Key Questions Answered in This Report
1. What was the size of the global 3D metrology market in 2022?
2. What is the expected growth rate of the global 3D metrology market during 2023-2028?
3. What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global 3D metrology market?
4. What are the key factors driving the global 3D metrology market?
5. What is the breakup of the global 3D metrology market based on the offering?
6. What is the breakup of the global 3D metrology market based on the product?
7. What is the breakup of the global 3D metrology market based on the application?
8. What is the breakup of the global 3D metrology market based on the end-use industry?
9. What are the key regions in the global 3D metrology market?
10. Who are the key players/companies in the global 3D metrology market?
1 Preface
2 Scope and Methodology
2.1 Objectives of the Study
2.2 Stakeholders
2.3 Data Sources
2.3.1 Primary Sources
2.3.2 Secondary Sources
2.4 Market Estimation
2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
2.5 Forecasting Methodology
3 Executive Summary
4 Introduction
4.1 Overview
4.2 Key Industry Trends
5 Global 3D Metrology Market
5.1 Market Overview
5.2 Market Performance
5.3 Impact Of COVID-19
5.4 Market Forecast
6 Market Breakup by Offering
6.1 Hardware
6.1.1 Market Trends
6.1.2 Market Forecast
6.2 Software
6.2.1 Market Trends
6.2.2 Market Forecast
6.3 Services
6.3.1 Market Trends
6.3.2 Market Forecast
7 Market Breakup by Product
7.1 Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)
7.1.1 Market Trends
7.1.2 Market Forecast
7.2 Optical Digitizer & Scanner (ODS)
7.2.1 Market Trends
7.2.2 Market Forecast
7.3 Video Measuring Machine (VMM)
7.3.1 Market Trends
7.3.2 Market Forecast
7.4 3D Automated Optical Inspection System (AoI)
7.4.1 Market Trends
7.4.2 Market Forecast
7.5 Form Measurement
7.5.1 Market Trends
7.5.2 Market Forecast
8 Market Breakup by Application
8.1 Quality Control & Inspection
8.1.1 Market Trends
8.1.2 Market Forecast
8.2 Reverse Engineering
8.2.1 Market Trends
8.2.2 Market Forecast
8.3 Virtual Simulation
8.3.1 Market Trends
8.3.2 Market Forecast
8.4 Others
8.4.1 Market Trends
8.4.2 Market Forecast
9 Market Breakup by End-Use Industry
9.1 Aerospace & Defense
9.1.1 Market Trends
9.1.2 Market Forecast
9.2 Automotive
9.2.1 Market Trends
9.2.2 Market Forecast
9.3 Architecture & Construction
9.3.1 Market Trends
9.3.2 Market Forecast
9.4 Medical
9.4.1 Market Trends
9.4.2 Market Forecast
9.5 Electronics
9.5.1 Market Trends
9.5.2 Market Forecast
9.6 Energy & Power
9.6.1 Market Trends
9.6.2 Market Forecast
9.7 Heavy Industry
9.7.1 Market Trends
9.7.2 Market Forecast
9.8 Mining
9.8.1 Market Trends
9.8.2 Market Forecast
9.9 Others
9.9.1 Market Trends
9.9.2 Market Forecast
10 Market Breakup by Region
10.1 North America
10.1.1 United States
10.1.1.1 Market Trends
10.1.1.2 Market Forecast
10.1.2 Canada
10.1.2.1 Market Trends
10.1.2.2 Market Forecast
10.2 Asia Pacific
10.2.1 China
10.2.1.1 Market Trends
10.2.1.2 Market Forecast
10.2.2 Japan
10.2.2.1 Market Trends
10.2.2.2 Market Forecast
10.2.3 India
10.2.3.1 Market Trends
10.2.3.2 Market Forecast
10.2.4 South Korea
10.2.4.1 Market Trends
10.2.4.2 Market Forecast
10.2.5 Australia
10.2.5.1 Market Trends
10.2.5.2 Market Forecast
10.2.6 Indonesia
10.2.6.1 Market Trends
10.2.6.2 Market Forecast
10.2.7 Others
10.2.7.1 Market Trends
10.2.7.2 Market Forecast
10.3 Europe
10.3.1 Germany
10.3.1.1 Market Trends
10.3.1.2 Market Forecast
10.3.2 France
10.3.2.1 Market Trends
10.3.2.2 Market Forecast
10.3.3 United Kingdom
10.3.3.1 Market Trends
10.3.3.2 Market Forecast
10.3.4 Italy
10.3.4.1 Market Trends
10.3.4.2 Market Forecast
10.3.5 Spain
10.3.5.1 Market Trends
10.3.5.2 Market Forecast
10.3.6 Russia
10.3.6.1 Market Trends
10.3.6.2 Market Forecast
10.3.7 Others
10.3.7.1 Market Trends
10.3.7.2 Market Forecast
10.4 Latin America
10.4.1 Brazil
10.4.1.1 Market Trends
10.4.1.2 Market Forecast
10.4.2 Mexico
10.4.2.1 Market Trends
10.4.2.2 Market Forecast
10.4.3 Others
10.4.3.1 Market Trends
10.4.3.2 Market Forecast
10.5 Middle East and Africa
10.5.1 Market Trends
10.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
10.5.3 Market Forecast
11 SWOT Analysis
11.1 Overview
11.2 Strengths
11.3 Weaknesses
11.4 Opportunities
11.5 Threats
12 Value Chain Analysis
13 Porters Five Forces Analysis
13.1 Overview
13.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
13.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
13.4 Degree of Competition
13.5 Threat of New Entrants
13.6 Threat of Substitutes
14 Price Analysis
15 Competitive Landscape
15.1 Market Structure
15.2 Key Players
15.3 Profiles of Key Players
15.3.1 3d Digital Corporation
15.3.1.1 Company Overview
15.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.1.3 Financials
15.3.1.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.2 Automated Precision Inc.
15.3.2.1 Company Overview
15.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.3 Carl Zeiss AG
15.3.3.1 Company Overview
15.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.3.3 SWOT Analysis
15.3.4 Creaform Inc.
15.3.4.1 Company Overview
15.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.5 FARO Technologies, Inc
15.3.5.1 Company Overview
15.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.5.3 Financials
15.3.6 GOM GmbH
15.3.6.1 Company Overview
15.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.6.3 Financials
15.3.6.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.7 Hexagon AB
15.3.7.1 Company Overview
15.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.7.3 Financials
15.3.7.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.8 Jenoptik AG
15.3.8.1 Company Overview
15.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.8.3 Financials
15.3.9 KLA Corporation
15.3.9.1 Company Overview
15.3.9.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.9.3 Financials
15.3.9.4 SWOT Analysis
15.3.10 Mitutoyo Corporation
15.3.10.1 Company Overview
15.3.10.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.11 Nikon Metrology NV
15.3.11.1 Company Overview
15.3.11.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.12 Perceptron, Inc.
15.3.12.1 Company Overview
15.3.12.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.12.3 Financials
15.3.13 Renishaw PLC
15.3.13.1 Company Overview
15.3.13.2 Product Portfolio
15.3.13.3 Financials
Figure 2: Global: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2017-2022
Figure 3: Global: 3D Metrology Market: Breakup by Offering (in %), 2022
Figure 4: Global: 3D Metrology Market: Breakup by Product (in %), 2022
Figure 5: Global: 3D Metrology Market: Breakup by Application (in %), 2022
Figure 6: Global: 3D Metrology Market: Breakup by End-Use Industry (in %), 2022
Figure 7: Global: 3D Metrology Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2022
Figure 8: Global: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2023-2028
Figure 9: Global: 3D Metrology (Hardware) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 10: Global: 3D Metrology (Hardware) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 11: Global: 3D Metrology (Software) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 12: Global: 3D Metrology (Software) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 13: Global: 3D Metrology (Services) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 14: Global: 3D Metrology (Services) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 15: Global: 3D Metrology (Coordinate Measuring Machine- CMM) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 16: Global: 3D Metrology (Coordinate Measuring Machine- CMM) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 17: Global: 3D Metrology (Optical Digitizer & Scanner- ODS) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 18: Global: 3D Metrology (Optical Digitizer & Scanner- ODS) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 19: Global: 3D Metrology (Video Measuring Machine- VMM) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 20: Global: 3D Metrology (Video Measuring Machine- VMM) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 21: Global: 3D Metrology (3D Automated Optical Inspection System- AoI) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 22: Global: 3D Metrology (3D Automated Optical Inspection System- AoI) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 23: Global: 3D Metrology (Form Measurement) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 24: Global: 3D Metrology (Form Measurement) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 25: Global: 3D Metrology (Quality Control & Inspection) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 26: Global: 3D Metrology (Quality Control & Inspection) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 27: Global: 3D Metrology (Reverse Engineering) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 28: Global: 3D Metrology (Reverse Engineering) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 29: Global: 3D Metrology (Virtual Simulation) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 30: Global: 3D Metrology (Virtual Simulation) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 31: Global: 3D Metrology (Other Applications) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 32: Global: 3D Metrology (Other Applications) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 33: Global: 3D Metrology (Aerospace & Defense) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 34: Global: 3D Metrology (Aerospace & Defense) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 35: Global: 3D Metrology (Automotive) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 36: Global: 3D Metrology (Automotive) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 37: Global: 3D Metrology (Architecture & Construction) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 38: Global: 3D Metrology (Architecture & Construction) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 39: Global: 3D Metrology (Medical) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 40: Global: 3D Metrology (Medical) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 41: Global: 3D Metrology (Electronics) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 42: Global: 3D Metrology (Electronics) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 43: Global: 3D Metrology (Energy & Power) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 44: Global: 3D Metrology (Energy & Power) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 45: Global: 3D Metrology (Heavy Industry) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 46: Global: 3D Metrology (Heavy Industry) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 47: Global: 3D Metrology (Mining) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 48: Global: 3D Metrology (Mining) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 49: Global: 3D Metrology (Other End-Use Industries) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 50: Global: 3D Metrology (Other End-Use Industries) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 51: North America: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 52: North America: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 53: United States: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 54: United States: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 55: Canada: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 56: Canada: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 57: Asia Pacific: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 58: Asia Pacific: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 59: China: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 60: China: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 61: Japan: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 62: Japan: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 63: India: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 64: India: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 65: South Korea: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 66: South Korea: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 67: Australia: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 68: Australia: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 69: Indonesia: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 70: Indonesia: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 71: Others: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 72: Others: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 73: Europe: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 74: Europe: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 75: Germany: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 76: Germany: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 77: France: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 78: France: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 79: United Kingdom: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 80: United Kingdom: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 81: Italy: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 82: Italy: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 83: Spain: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 84: Spain: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 85: Russia: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 86: Russia: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 87: Others: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 88: Others: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 89: Latin America: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 90: Latin America: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 91: Brazil: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 92: Brazil: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 93: Mexico: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 94: Mexico: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 95: Others: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 96: Others: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 97: Middle East and Africa: 3D Metrology Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
Figure 98: Middle East and Africa: 3D Metrology Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
Figure 99: Global: 3D Metrology Industry: SWOT Analysis
Figure 100: Global: 3D Metrology Industry: Value Chain Analysis
Figure 101: Global: 3D Metrology Industry: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis

• 日本語訳:3D計測の世界市場:動向・シェア・規模・予測
• レポートコード:MRC-IM30799 ▷ お問い合わせ(見積依頼・ご注文・質問)